That's just not true.

The treaty Muhammad had was with idolaters. He did not have any pact with the Christians and Jews in Surah 9.

There is no precondition to fight the Christians and Jews other than the fact they are Christians and Jews, it is a war against people based on what they believe and in order to spread Islam not because it was provoked. classical Islamic scholars from Ibn Kathir to modern day Islamic clerics have interpreted it this way, don't know where you are getting your information from.

Have you not read all over the Hadith where Mohammed says he has been commanded to fight the people until they become Muslim? Not in response to anything they have done just because they are not Muslim.